Probability Random variables, distributions, and moments Random variables A random variable is a function which assigns a number to events in the sample space. (A better name might be “random...

I. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Long Short Term Memory networks – usually just called “LSTM” – are a special kind of RNN, capable of learning long-term dependencies. LSTM are explicitly designed ...

Although Transformers possess the potential to learn long-term dependencies, they face limitations in language modeling due to a fixed-length context. Additionally, in the context of Reinforcement ...

In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA...

We will explore the power of the Transformer algorithm, the driving force behind the remarkable success of Large Language Models. Additionally, I will take you on a journey of building this algorit...

Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) is a popular reinforcement learning algorithm used for training policies in reinforcement learning tasks. It was introduced by OpenAI in 2017 and has since gained...